Optimal Miscible CO 2 Injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Case Study of the Asmari Formation in the Abu Ghirab Oil Field, Southeastern Iraq

本研究以伊拉克东南部Abu Ghirab油田的Asmari组为研究对象,采用CMG™数值模拟软件,系统评估CO₂混相驱在提高采收率(EOR)中的应用潜力。研究基于22口井的岩心分析、PVT数据和生产历史,建立了包含29个小层的非均质储层模型,模拟了2024年至2030年间不同注入策略下的开发效果。研究结果为类似碳酸盐岩油田的CO₂驱开发提供了技术参考,也强调了经济性评估与后续技术接替的重要性。

CMG软件应用情况

  • 软件平台:CMG™
  • 模拟方法
    • 基于22口井的岩心、PVT和生产数据构建储层模型;
    • 使用Petrel™建立岩相模型(Facies Model);
    • 模型划分为29个流动单元层,反映储层非均质性;
    • 模拟CO₂混相驱过程,评估其对产量、压力、GOR等的影响;
    • 对比自然能量开发与CO₂驱开发效果,优化注入时机与策略。

主要结论

  1. 储量评估:Asmari组南部穹隆OOIP为89,331 MSTB,显示该区域储量潜力有所下降。
  2. 注入时机优化:CO₂注入应在2026年9月启动,以实现最佳驱替效果。
  3. 生产动态变化
    • 2026年Q4起产量开始上升;
    • 2027年Q3起GOR升高;
    • 2028年底起产量下降,需考虑接替EOR方法。
  4. 经济性建议:2028–2030年产量下滑阶段需结合油价评估CO₂驱经济性。
  5. 后续建议
    • 加强南部区域及断层发育区的勘探;
    • 结合其他EOR技术(如化学驱、水气交替等)延长油田生命周期。

作者单位

伊拉克卡尔巴拉大学石油工程系

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Abstract

This study focuses on optimizing the implementation of miscible CO2 injection to enhance production from the Asmari Formation in the Abu Ghirab Field, southeastern Iraq, using CMG™ simulation software. Various scenarios were simulated to evaluate the effectiveness of miscible CO2 injection and identify areas where it could be applied successfully. Key factors such as porosity, permeability, and reservoir thickness were considered, as they significantly influence the success of miscible CO2 flooding. The results were compared between primary production and enhanced oil recovery using miscible CO2 injection. The original oil in place (OOIP) is estimated at 89,331 MSTB, indicating a reduction in reserves in the southern dome of the field. Simulations of miscible CO2 injection from 2024 to 2030 revealed that miscible CO2 injection would not affect the field until the third quarter of 2026. Therefore, miscible CO2 flooding should begin in September 2026 to achieve optimal results. The study also observed an increase in the gas-oil ratio starting in the third quarter of 2027. However, a decline in oil production is expected from late 2028 to 2030, suggesting that an alternative enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method should be considered for continued oil recovery beyond this period.

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