Simulation study of relative permeability and the dynamic capillarity of waterfooding in tight oil reservoirs
相对渗透率（kr）和毛管压力（Pc）是定义多相流体在多孔介质中流动的关键要素。然而，在极低渗透率地层中进行水驱过程时，应考虑动态相对渗透率和动态毛管压力。为了提高原油产量，通常会采用先进的水平井钻井和多次水力压裂来开采非传统资源。本研究的目的是在储层模拟中考虑动态毛管力，同时利用从致密油储层岩心样品中获得的动态和稳态实验数据，这些数据涉及水驱过程中相对渗透率和毛管压力的影响。使用计算机模拟集团（CMG）模拟器进行的商业储层模拟进行了敏感性分析。结果表明，如果使用稳态数据进行预测，储层的井产量可能偏高，导致油饱和度更均匀、更快地降低。此外，预计井突破时间会更早。然而，忽视动态毛管力会导致大量的水突破。因此，本研究的核心目标是在超低渗透地层中考虑动态毛管力，同时为预测水力压裂致密储层的生产提供了一个替代视角。
CMG软件应用情况：
在本研究中，使用CMG模拟器进行储层模拟，考虑动态毛管力在水力压裂致密储层中的影响。应用CMG模拟器的IMEX模拟储层中的水驱过程。通过CMG模拟器，研究人员能够分析和优化储层生产，特别是在压力分布、动态系数和水饱和度变化率方面。模拟结果表明，如果使用稳态毛管力和稳态相对渗透率来预测水驱性能，会导致对油藏产量的高估，并且预测将更早突破，造成更大的水突破。因此，研究强调了在超低渗透储层中考虑动态毛管力的重要性。
作者单位：
- 巴基斯坦俾路支斯坦工程技术大学（Balochistan UET）能源系统工程系
- 巴基斯坦俾路支斯坦工程技术大学（Balochistan UET）机械工程系
- 巴基斯坦奎达工程技术大学（BUITEMS）石油与天然气工程系
- 中国石油大学（北京），昌平，北京，中国
Abstract
Relative permeability (kr ) and the capillary pressure (Pc) are the central key elements defining the multiphase fluids fow behavior in the porous media. However, the dynamic capillarity should consider the dynamic relative permeability and the dynamic capillary pressure while performing waterfooding process in extremely low permeable formations. In order to improve the oil production, the advanced horizontal well drilling along with multiple hydraulic fracturing is generally instigated to penetrate the unconventional resources. The aim of this study is to consider the dynamic capillarity in a commercial reservoir simulation, while utilizing the data gained from the dynamic and steady experiments of the relative permeability and the capillary pressure impacts during waterfooding process in the core plugs of unconventional tight oil reservoirs. The commercial reservoir simulation conducted sensitivity analyses using Computer Modeling Group simulator. The outcomes show that the well production of the reservoir is overestimated while implementing steady data for forecasting due to which the oil saturation decreases more equally and further rapidly. Additionally, the forecast of the well production estimated to breakthrough sooner. However, neglecting the dynamic capillarity causes a huge breakthrough of water infux. Therefore, the core objective of this study is to probe the consequences of taking into consideration the dynamic capillarity in ultra-low permeable formations while giving an alternative perspective to forecast the production of the hydraulically fractured unconventional tight oil reservoirs.
