{"id":56372,"date":"2022-10-18T06:00:21","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T22:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/?p=56372"},"modified":"2022-10-18T06:00:21","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T22:00:21","slug":"180%ef%bc%9a%e6%9d%82%e8%b4%a8%e5%af%b9%e8%8d%b7%e5%85%b0%e4%b8%9c%e5%8c%97%e9%83%a8%e6%b0%94%e7%94%b0%e5%9c%b0%e4%b8%8bco2%e5%82%a8%e5%ad%98%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%b1%e5%93%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/?p=56372","title":{"rendered":"180. \u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6742\u8d28\u5bf9\u8377\u5170\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u6c14\u7530\u5730\u4e0bCO2\u5c01\u5b58\u7684\u5f71\u54cd"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/research.rug.nl\/files\/24127949\/Chapter_3.pdf\">Effects of impurities on subsurface CO2 storage in gas fields in the northeast Netherlands<\/a><\/h3>\n<div class=\"trans-left\">\n<div class=\"trans-input-wrap\">\n<div class=\"input-wrap\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<div class=\"input-operate\">\n<div class=\"op-favor-container\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"inputCollGroup\"><span style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u67af\u7aed\u6c14\u7530\u662f\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884cCO2\u5730\u4e0b\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u6c14\u7530\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u50a8\u5c42\u5df2\u63a2\u660e\uff0c\u4e14\u5c01\u5c42\u5408\u683c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c14\u7530\u5728\u5730\u8d28\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u7532\u70f7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\u4f1a\u7531\u4e8e\u78b3\u9178\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u76d0\u6c34\u7684pH\u503c\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7684\u77ff\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\/\u6c89\u6dc0\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u50a8\u5c42\u548c\u76d6\u5c42\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u5ea6\/\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u50a8\u5b58CO2\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5145\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u5730\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002CO2\u5730\u4e0b\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u7eaf\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5c01\u5b58\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76CO2\u548c\u6742\u8d28\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8377\u5170\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u6c14\u7530\u7684\u50a8\u5c42\u548c\u76d6\u5c42\u5ca9\u82af\u6837\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e2d\u671f\uff0830\u5929\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff08300bar\uff0c100\u00b0C\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cb9\u7530CO2\u6d41\u4f53\uff08H2S\uff09\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6742\u8d28\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5141\u8bb8\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"inputCollGroup\">\n<h5><span style=\"color: revert; font-size: revert;\">\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u4e3aCO2+100 ppm H2S\uff0cCO2+5000 ppm H2S\u4e0e\u5ca9\u82af\u6837\u54c1\u548c\u76d0\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u88682.2\uff09\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u626b\u63cf\u7535\u955c\uff08SEM\uff09\u548cX\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\uff08XRD\uff09\u5206\u6790\u5ca9\u82af\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u77ff\u7269\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\uff0c\u957f\u77f3\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u76d0\u548c\u9ad8\u5cad\u77f3\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u9884\u671f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u9ad8\u5cad\u77f3\u7684\u65b0\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728CO2\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0H2S\u65f6\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u77ff\u7269\uff08\u786c\u77f3\u818f\u548c\u9ec4\u94c1\u77ff\uff09\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u7eafCO2\u6ce8\u5165\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7eafCO2\u6ce8\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u4ee5\u786c\u77f3\u818f\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0cH2S\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u76d0\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u786c\u77f3\u818f\u548c\u9ec4\u94c1\u77ff\u7684\u6210\u6838\u4f5c\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u76d0\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e8eH2S\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u4ee5\u53caH2S\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u6c14\u76f8\u7684\u542b\u6c34\u91cf\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<span style=\"color: #800000;\">CMG-GEM\uff08CMG\uff0c2011\uff09<\/span>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6a21\u62df\u5f97\u5230\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u77f3\u76d0\u3001\u786c\u77f3\u818f\u548c\u9ec4\u94c1\u77ff\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cd\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u3002<\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u6ce8\u5165CO2+100 ppm H2S\u540e\uff0c\u50a8\u5c42\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">3%.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u76d6\u5c42\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u4e861.3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6dfb\u52a05000 ppm H2S\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u90fd\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"font-size: revert; color: initial;\">\u5728CO2+100 ppm H2S\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u77f3\u76d0\u3001\u786c\u77f3\u818f\u548c\u9ec4\u94c1\u77ff\u6c89\u6dc0\u786e\u5b9e\u5e73\u8861\u4e86\u77ff\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u53d8\u5316\u6700\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Abstract<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Depleted gas fields are amongst the most probable candidates for subsurface storage of CO2. With proven reservoir and qualified seal these fields have retained gas over geological time scales. However, unlike methane, injection of CO2 changes the pH of the brine due to formation of carbonic acid. Subsequent dissolution\/precipitation of minerals changes the porosity\/permeability of reservoir and cap-rock. Thus, for adequate, safe and effective CO2 storage, the subsurface system needs to be fully understood. An important aspect for subsurface storage of CO2 is purity of this gas, which influences risk and cost of the process. In order to investigate the effects of CO2 plus impurities in a real case example, we have carried out medium-term (30 days) laboratory experiments (300 bars, 100\u00b0 C) on reservoir and cap-rock core samples from gas fields in northeast Netherlands. In addition, we attempted to determine the maximum allowable concentration of one of the possible impurities in the CO2 stream (H2S) in these fields.<\/li>\n<li>The injected gases were CO2+100 ppm H2S and CO2+5000 ppm H2S were reacting with core samples and brine (Table 2.2). Before and after the experiments the core samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for mineralogical variations. Also the permeability of the samples was measured. Following the experiments, dissolution of feldspars, carbonates and kaolinite was observed as expected. In addition, we observed fresh precipitation of kaolinite. However, two significant results were obtained when adding H2S in the CO2 stream. Firstly we observed precipitation of sulfate minerals (anhydrite and pyrite). This differs from results after pure CO2 injection where dissolution of anhydrite was dominant in the samples. Secondly, severe salt precipitation took place in the presence of H2S. This is caused mainly by the nucleation of anhydrite and pyrite which enabled halite precipitation and to a lesser degree by the higher solubility of H2S in water and higher water content of the gas phase in the presence of H2S. This was confirmed by modeling using CMG-GEM (CMG, 2011) modeling software.<\/li>\n<li>The precipitation of halite, anhydrite and pyrite affects the permeability of the samples in different ways. After CO2+100 ppm H2S injection, permeability of the reservoir samples increased by \u22643%. In caprock samples permeability increased by a 1.3. However, after addition of 5000 ppm H2S the permeability of all samples decreased significantly. In the case of CO2+100 ppm H2S, halite, anhydrite and pyrite precipitation did balance mineral dissolution, causing minimal variation in the permeability of samples.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<p><img class=\"wp-image-56373\" src=\"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/word-image-56372-1.png\" \/><br \/>\n<img class=\"wp-image-56374\" src=\"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/unnamed-file-41.png\" alt=\"\u8868\u683c\n\u63cf\u8ff0\u5df2\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\" \/><br \/>\n<img class=\"wp-image-56375\" src=\"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/unnamed-file-42.png\" alt=\"\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\n\u63cf\u8ff0\u5df2\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Effects of impurities on subsurface CO2 storage in<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/?p=56372\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[159],"tags":[251,422,458],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56372"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=56372"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56372\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=56372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=56372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/learncmg.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=56372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}